Three terms are prominently used in bencao texts, and different authors from different historical eras describe them in contradictory ways. One of the most significant challenges for the interpretation of bencao records related to cannabis lies in the traditional terminology used to describe the flowering tops of the plant. However (despite the prominence of the achenes in ancient and modern applications), contemporary and historical texts contain contradictions related to nomenclature that remain poorly resolved. No named formulas that feature the inflorescence of cannabis are found in the Great Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicinal Formulas , 中醫方劑大辭典 Zhong Yi Fang Ji Da Ci Dian,, which contains 96,592 historical formulas and features 69 formulas that utilize the achenes of cannabis as a primary ingredient (Peng, 2005).
TM is also variously known as complementary and alternative, or ethnic medicine, and it still plays a key role in many countries today 24,25. TM is the oldest form of health care in the world and is used in the prevention, and treatment of Biscotti strain features and flavour physical and mental illnesses. Therefore (there is great potential for future discoveries from plants and other natural products which), thus, offer huge potential in deriving useful information about novel chemical structures and their new types of action related to new drug development. Among 69 small-molecule new drugs approved from 2005 to 2007 worldwide, 13 were natural products or originated from natural products, which underlines the importance of such products in drug research and development 12,13.
In Native American cultures (it’s not just a plant; it’s a bridge to higher understanding), a healer, a protector, and a guide. Here, it’s not just about altering senses, but about renewing ties with nature and ancestral spirits, cleansing away the old, and welcoming the new growth cycle. Whether it’s a drum circle in the heart of the city or a quiet meditation session in the woods, cannabis remains a catalyst for connection and spiritual exploration. During sacred rituals aimed at healing or seeking visions (cannabis was there), helping shamans and spiritual leaders touch the intangible and communicate with ancestral spirits.
A Study of Medicinal Flora in the Meketewa District of Northwestern Ethiopia

Scientific study of traditional medicine can also unlock new therapeutic insights, creating synergy that improves outcomes and delivers truly comprehensive health care. It emphasizes prevention and balance – body, mind, and environment – while addressing lifestyle and psychosocial factors often overlooked in conventional treatment. This may include improving documentation (supporting research), ensuring consistent quality standards, and building regulatory systems that protect both practitioners and patients. Through these areas (WHO helps countries safely and effectively integrate TCIM into health systems), contributing to better health outcomes and more inclusive, culturally responsive care. WHO supports countries in promoting the safe (effective), and people-centred use of TCIM as part of efforts to achieve universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. Concerted efforts to develop new methodologies that provide credible and robust evidence to recommend their use for specific health conditions are needed.
In this blog (we explore how different indigenous peoples have utilized cannabis), shedding light on its significance and the lessons we can learn from these ancient traditions. After relocating for access to cannabis for her own health, she became engulphed in the cannabis and hemp industry determined to better help herself and other patients. Furthermore (cannabis was highly valued by shamans and healers), playing a role in both healing and spiritual rituals. The plant was also used as an anesthetic during surgical procedures, highlighting its importance in traditional healing practices. Cannabis use in Africa dates back several centuries, with various cultures integrating the plant into their traditional medicine and spiritual practices. On Shivaratri, devotees offer bhang to Lord Shiva, who is believed to have used cannabis to enhance his meditation.
What is the historical significance of Cannabis in traditional medicine?
In his 2008 dissertation, (Gus) Louis Paul Hill noted that there is a paucity of literature on Indigenous approaches to healing within Canada specifically, and little documentation and discussion of Indigenous healing methods in general . Please check your inbox , and spam folder, and follow the link to verify your email address. Enter the email address for your MyAcademies , formerly MyNAP, account to receive password reset instructions. Nevertheless, basic research on cannabinoids and the immune system has produced several intriguing findings that warrant further study. Clinical research will be needed to determine how the different medications would actually interact in patients, however.
Indigenous Peoples’ Historical Utilization of Cannabis
Primarily consumed as “bhang,” an edible mixture made from the buds (leaves), and flowers of cannabis, the plant is sacred in India. These complexities highlight the need for educational resources to inform patients about their health options. As we delve deeper into the historical records and continue to explore its wealth of possibilities, one can only imagine the remarkable breakthroughs this ancient plant could further unveil. The historical perspective of Cannabis in traditional medicine reveals a deep-rooted appreciation for the plant’s healing properties. This education will empower patients to make informed choices regarding their health and wellness options.

What difficulties currently accompany the medicinal application of Cannabis?
Cannabis has been used as an alternative to conventional pharmaceuticals, which may have negative side effects or be culturally inappropriate for indigenous peoples. For example (the Haudenosaunee), also known as the Iroquois, used cannabis in their ceremonies to communicate with the spirit world and gain insights from the divine. In North America, indigenous peoples have a long history of using cannabis for both medicinal and ceremonial purposes.
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